
Sheffield on and in between seven hills, and it is thanks to this landscape that Sheffield exists today. Even before the Industrial Revolution, the villages around Sheffield were established as centres of industry and commerce thanks to fast flowing rivers and streams that brought water down from the Peak District. The valleys through which these flowed were ideally suited for man-made dams that could be used to to power water mills. A walk along the Rivelin Valley from Malin Bridge tram stop or along the Porter Valley out from Endcliffe Park towards the Peak District will reveal some of these old dams.
Sheffield city centre lies where these rivers and valleys meet. The city has expanded out along the valleys and over the hills between, creating leafy neighbourhoods and suburbs within easy reach of the city centre. Each valley that stretches out from the city centre has its own character, from the densely industrial Don Valley to the north-east, to the green and cosmopolitan residential streets around the Ecclesall Road on the Porter Valley in the south-west.
Sheffield's industry really took off when the railways arrived, allowing for the mass import of raw materials and export of finished products. The crucible technique of making exceptionally high quality steel was invented here by Benjamin Huntsman in 1852, and for decades it was to give Sheffield the economic advantage over other steel producing cities. Sheffield is still the home to a number of cutlery and blade manufacturers (including Swann Morton), and Sheffield steel can be found in surgical equipment and kitchen drawers the world over.
However, the economic recession of the nineteen-eighties hit Sheffield hard, and large numbers of workers were left unemployed by the changing shape of heavy industry in Britain. The combination of the resilient spirit of Sheffield people in these bleak times made the city famous in the black comedy 'The Full Monty', which was set and filmed in and around Sheffield. Sheffield is the largest city in the county of South Yorkshire, and Sheffield residents are proud of their perceived character: South Yorkshire residents pride themselves on a warmth and hospitality that isn't found in other northern cities. Visitors to Sheffield may find this most noticeable in the affectionate terms that slip into everyday conversation. Even when making a simple purchase in a store or market, you can expect to be called 'love' at least once.
Sheffield is adapting as it becomes a more confident post-industrial city. Grand visions have routinely been proposed or initiated by the city or county councils, and European funding has been used on a number of public infrastructure projects that have shaped the city. This is nothing new, however, since many would argue that post-war town planners did more damage to the face of Sheffield than the Luftwaffe did during the heavy nights of World War II aerial bombing. Bold housing projects such as the world famous (and now listed) Park Hill made Sheffield famous for the feverish vision with which architects and planners sought to reshape the city in the second half of the twentieth century. In reality, this left much of Sheffield with a poorly maintained legacy of failed utopian concrete fantasies, but this braveness and edginess is cited by many as being a fundamental part of Sheffield's character. Now, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, a number of commercial developers are making big marks on the cityscape, with large apartment complexes that aim to repeat the inner-city-living renaissance seen in Manchester and Leeds. Whether the formula works in Sheffield remains to be seen: with so many affordable and attractive suburbs within easy reach, it may be difficult to turn Sheffield's compact city centre into a mixed area of commerce and residential properties.
Even if the built environment of Sheffield leaves something to be desired, a deliberate strategy of investing in and promoting academic achievement has begun to influence the demographic make-up of the city. Sheffield is not only is the city home to two universities (the University of Sheffield and Sheffield Hallam University) with excellent ratings in both teaching and research, it is also proving to be an increasingly attractive place for graduates to settle in. Sheffiled is increasingly prosperous and economically active.
Culturally, Sheffield's location and edgy environment has nurtured a superb reputation for music. Sheffield is home to Jarvis Cocker, Human League, Def Leppard, ABC, Baby Bird, Pulp, Arctic Monkeys, Milburn, Bromheads Jacket, The Long Blondes, and Little Man Tate to name just a few. The larger-than-average student population (over 60,000) means that nightlife is always lively, and suitably different to that of Leeds and Manchester. Sheffield's proximity to the Peak District National Park (one third of Sheffield lies within the Peak District) makes it an ideal city base for an outdoor-orientated holiday.
Sheffield is a vibrant, cosmopolitan city and boasts a large range of shopping. There are a large number of cinemas, pubs and night clubs.
There are plenty of things to see and do in Sheffield. Below are just a few suggestions of what Sheffield has to offer:
The nearest airport to Sheffield with scheduled services is Robin Hood Doncaster Sheffield, one of the youngest airports in the UK [2] (airport code: DSA), approximately 35 minutes' drive away from the centre of Sheffield. To reach Sheffield by public transport from the airport, take the Airport Arrow bus [3] (every hour from 06.05 - 23.05 Monday to Saturday, 09.05 - 18.05 on Sundays) to Doncaster railway station and travel by train to Sheffield. Airlines that serve the airport include:
Nottingham East Midlands Airport [10] (IATA: EMA) is approximately one hour south of Sheffield on the M1 motorway. There are six daily bus services between Sheffield and the airport, operated by National Express [11].
Manchester Airport [12] (IATA: MAN) is further away than either Robin Hood or Nottingham EMA, but it is served by an direct train [13] every hour from Sheffield. To it is approximately 70 minutes drive from Sheffield city center and it offers the widest choice of long haul destinations in the north of England, including several daily flights to North America. Destinations are too numerous to list here, see the link for full details.
Leeds Bradford Airport [14] can be reached in under an hour by car and a little more by train and bus from Sheffield via Leeds.
Sheffield station (formerly known as Sheffield Midland) is to the south-east side of the city centre, at the bottom of a steepish pedestrianised street (Howard Street) that leads to the city centre. A major redevelopment of the public spaces between the station at the city centre was completed in early 2007, creating a new public square immediately outside the station and improving the pedestrian route to the city centre. You can reach the city centre on foot in less than ten minutes, or in about five minutes by tram or free city centre bus ("Free Bee": every seven minutes).
Trams stop next to the station, directly outside the end of the pedestrian bridge that crosses over the platforms (lift, but no escalator, from the station concourse and platforms).
Most long-distance coaches and city buses, including the free bus, stop at the Sheffield Interchange: two minutes walk from the station (across the pelican crossing and through the covered walkway), or the nearby streets.
Timetables, fare information and live departure boards for all train services can be found on the website of National Rail [15].
There are hourly high-speed services to and from East Riding of Yorkshire, Norfolk) network. Other services through the city are provided by East Midlands Trains Connect service [18], Northern Rail [19] and Transpennine Express [20]. Under the name "Megatrain", the Megabus company now offers "the earlier you book, the cheaper" seats in its chartered carriages on some offpeak EastMidland trains to and from London.
Summary of services:
Sheffield sits beside the M1 motorway, and is most easily reached from junction 33, which connects to the city centre via the Sheffield Parkway. A convenient park and ride tram stop is located close to the city end of the Parkway, and if you're only visiting for the day, you are strongly recommended to use it.
Fifteen miles further north on the M1, you can connect with the M62, the main route from places (North Wales, Liverpool and Manchester) and east (Hull ferries to mainland Europe).
For the more scenic route from Manchester, the Snake or Woodhead Passes (A57 and A628) make for a breath-taking trip through the Peak District National Park. It is also possible to use the Peak District as the scenic route to Bakewell and Sheffield from Birmingham (via Lichfield and Ashbourne) or Stoke on Trent (via Leek and Longnor). Beware that the route becomes very busy over holiday periods, and can be treacherous during cold or snowy weather.
Sheffield provides a park and ride service aswell as station car parking, see National Park and Ride Directory [21].
Sheffield Interchange is the city's hub for local and national bus services, and is located two minutes walk from Sheffield' railway station. National Express [22] operate long distance services to all parts of the country, including a regular service to London Golders Green and Victoria.
The discount long distance bus operator Megabus [23] does not serve the Sheffield city centre, but offers several services each day to central London from the Sheffield Meadowhall Interchange. Meadowhall is twenty minutes away from the city centre by tram, or five minutes by equally frequent train. Megabus departures may not be listed on departure screens at the Meadowhall Interchange: services generally depart from the same bay as National Express services.
Excellent visitor moorings for canal boats at the Victoria Quays basin.
The city has a modern tram network with three lines that serve north-western (Hillsborough and Middlewood), south-eastern (Mosborough and Hackenthorope) and north-eastern (Lower Don Valley and Meadowhall) suburbs of the city.
Tickets are purchased from the conductor after you board; retain these for inspection. Notices at your tram stop will indicate the route and fare needed for your destination.
A single ticket within the town centre boundary (between Granville Road, The University of Sheffield and Hyde Park) costs £1.00. After that, fares increase to £1.50 or £1.80, depending on how far you travel. Under 5's travel free and 5–11 year olds travel for 40p, irrespective of distance travelled. Concessions are only available to applicable residents of Sheffield. Senior citizens travel for free on any mode of public transport. For those without concessions, it often works out cheaper to buy a Dayrider ticket, which costs £3 and allows unlimited travel on all trams and Stagecoach buses in Sheffield. A £10 Megarider ticket is also available which allows unlimited travel for a week.
Buses are almost exclusively operated by the large public transit operators First Group and Stagecoach. They generally run every 10-20 minutes during the day, and every 20–60 minutes in the evening. A network of twelve 'Overground' bus routes is offered by First, with a high frequency of service (less than every ten minutes through the day). Buses are generally reliable if expensive. It is advisable to arrive a few minutes before your bus is scheduled to depart.
Each bus company offers its own range of tickets. Without a concession, you will pay more the further that you travel. If you plan to use the bus or tram more than once in a day, Stagecoach offer a bus and tram Dayrider ticket for £3.00 and First buses offer an FirstDay ticket for £3.50. If you wish to use all the public transport in the city, regardless of operator, then you must purchase a DayRider costing £4.50.
There are a variety of week and month passes available for either a single bus or bus/tram company, or for all transport including rail. Stagecoach currently offer a flat fare of 50p for students in possession of a valid student card (including the ISIC). Additionally, Stagecoach are offering a limited-time 70p fare for all single journeys for everyone else on certain routes. Another route offering 50p student fares is First's number 80, which shuttles between the two universities and the station via Ecclesall, Broomhill and the city centre. It runs every 10 minutes on weekdays until 7pm, with a more limited evening service.
For any further travel information call or log on to the South Yorkshire TravelLine [24] on from 7am to 10pm seven days a week.
There is a decent network of suburban rail services serving the Sheffield City region, all of which depart from Sheffield station. Services are operate by Northern, and depart to Barnsley via Meadowhall, Chapeltown, Elsecar, and Wombwell, to Doncaster, via Meadowhall, Rotherham, Swinton, Mexborough, and Conisborough, to Chesterfield via Dronfield, to the Hope Valley via Dore, and to Nottinghamshire via Darnall, Woodhouse, Kiveton Bridge, and Kiveton Park.
Sheffield city centre is quite compact, so the city's suburbs (even ones quite close to the centre) have largely managed to thrive and maintain their character and commercial individuality.
The centre, though small, packs in a lot of national and individual shops. The main axis of central shopping streets runs in a gently curving line from north-east to south-west. From north to south you will find:
Heading west from the Cathedral is West Street, where many pubs and bars can be found. One block south and parallel to West Street is Division Street, the spine of the so-called Devonshire Quarter. Here you'll find a decent selection of small independent shops and cafes. Despite the draw of nearby Meadowhall, the city centre has retained some significant department stores and chain shops including H & M,Debenhams, TK Maxx,River Island, HMV, Marks and Spencer,Virgin and Sheffield's very own and interestingly quirky Atkinsons.
For after-shopping relaxation, note that apart from Thursday nights (when most shops stay open late) most of the city centre shops close at around 5:30pm, and the city centre focus then shifts to the clubs and bars along Division Street and West Street.
Ecclesall Road is an area of individual fashion shops, bars, cafes and restaurants running from the inner ring road out to the slightly more student-orientated and bohemian Hunters Bar roundabout.
Broomhill is a fairly self-contained area: a curious and pleasant mix of "studenty" and "leafy suburb". Only a mile from the city centre (past the university) it has an interesting mix of shops from inexpensive to trendy. Music lovers should make time for the impressive second hand music collection at Record Collector on the Fulwood Road.
Once the largest shopping mall in the country, Meadowhall has been blamed for a steep decline in the fortunes of city centre shops. Shops generally stay open till 8pm; fast-food restaurants and stay open until 10pm. During the Christmas holidays, all the shops stay open till 10pm, but the centre becomes very packed and is not recommended to the less sturdy shopper, or those in large groups, or Americans with multiple extra-large fatty-buggies. There's also a food court for our American friends, feast! - See Meadowhall Shopping Centre: [34]
From Sheffield centre, Meadowhall can be reached easily via the Supertram [35] by taking the Yellow/Purple Route service to 'Meadowhall' or via local Bus or Train (less than 10 minutes from Sheffield station) South Yorkshire Passenger Transport website: [36]. From further away, use train or long-distance coach (many of both stop at the Meadowhall Interchange), or drive to Junction 34 of the M1.
A smaller alternative to Meadowhall on the Southern edge of Sheffield, Crystal Peaks [37] shopping centre has many shops and is adjacent to a good selection of 'out of town' superstores such as Comet and JD Sports. Crystal Peaks can be reached via the Blue Route tram to 'Halfway', or by local buses, or by car (junction 30 of the M1).
There are many good, cheap places to eat in and around the city.
Sheffield is well known for its large number of pubs (Public Houses); from dark and Victorian to sleek and modern; and from traditional real-ale haven to noisy standing-room-only bar, you can easily find a pub in Sheffield to suit your taste in beer, music and company. However, most city-centre pubs are more oriented towards fast drinking students and clubbers; on West Street in particular (linking the university with the city centre) you will find many pubs and bars which during the week become busy with students and younger customers. Finding quieter pubs in which to sample something other than the usual chain-pub lager requires delving a little deeper beneath the surface.
For the severely unimaginative, you'll find the usual Wetherspoons and All Bar One chain pubs, throughout the city centre serving cheap lager and ales and reasonably priced food in a smoke (and atmosphere) free environment.
Hybrid bar-pubs manage to maintain something of a pub atmosphere, and sell real ale at reasonable prices, while still pulling in the crowds. They are used as much by people who want a good range of beer at good prices, as by "yoofs" after a good night out. They are probably doing a good job of persuading at least some lager drinkers to switch to traditional ales.
Sheffield's real gems are the handful of surviving traditional pubs and free houses, which generally have more room to sit down, quieter (or no) music, and real hand pumped ales.
There are more warm and welcoming traditional pubs in Sheffield's suburbs. North-west of the city centre, in Crookes and Walkley (popular with students as places to live) are:
Real ale fans from great distances come to "do" the real ale trail of Sheffield's Upper Don Valley, a route stretching from near the city centre almost to Hillsborough. The trail calls at:
The trail roughly parallels the tram route from the city centre to Hillsborough, so getting there and back is easy. All these pubs have a huge range of British draught real ales (some brewed by the pub) and most have a selection of bottle-conditioned beers from continental Europe (especially Belgium). Meanwhile, on the other side of the town centre, The Sheaf View on Gleadless Road is a real ale hotspot.
Visiting Sheffield you might be led to believe that students go out every day of the week. These are some of the more popular pubs.
Unlike Sheffield's dense strip of student bars along West Street, the city's night clubs are more spread out around the city centre, especially in the former industrial buildings which been so popular with music venues.